Può la scala di Braden predire lo sviluppo di lesioni in terapia intensiva?
https://doi.org/10.4081/ijwc.2023.104
Accettato: 14 November 2023
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Obiettivi: stabilire la effettiva predittività della scala di Braden in terapia intensiva
Materiali e metodi: Studio osservazionale retrospettivo condotto attraverso l'analisi delle cartelle cliniche informatizzate dei pazienti ricoverati in un'unità di terapia intensiva per tutto il 2019.
Setting: Pazienti ricoverati nell'unità di terapia intensiva durante il 2019 che non presentavano ulcere da pressione al momento del ricovero con una degenza ospedaliera di almeno 72 ore.
Sono stati esclusi i pazienti che hanno sviluppato lesioni da decubito nelle prime 72 ore, e i minorenni.
Risultati: Dei 239 pazienti ritenuti idonei allo studio, 230 (96.2 %) pazienti avevano un valore della scala di Braden inferiore a 16 ritenuti tutti a “grave rischio di sviluppare lesioni” e solamente 9 (3.7 %) pazienti hanno avuto un valore superiore o uguale a 16 considerato come rischio moderato. La braden ha dimostrato una altissima sensibilità (100%) a scapito però di una scarsa specificità (4,7%)
Conclusioni: Il calcolo della Braden al momento dell’ingresso in terapia intensiva può portare a consumo eccessivo di risorse umane e materiali in presidi di prevenzione a causa della sovrastima dei pazienti a rischio che la rende non idonea all’utilizzo in ambiente intensivo.
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